Tier 1

Related terms

Tier 2

Tier 2 is the supplier level that sells parts to a Tier 1 rather than directly to the OEM, such as a stamper or molder supplying brackets to a seat maker. Tier 2 suppliers usually work to the Tier 1's flowed-down requirements, including PPAP and often IATF 16949.

OEM

An OEM is an original equipment manufacturer, the company that designs and sells the finished product under its own brand, such as a mower, truck, or appliance. OEMs buy parts from Tier 1 and Tier 2 suppliers and set the quality and documentation requirements that flow down the supply chain.

IATF 16949

IATF 16949 is the quality management system standard for automotive production and service part suppliers, published by the International Automotive Task Force. It builds on ISO 9001 and requires core tools such as APQP, PPAP, FMEA, MSA, and SPC, plus each OEM's customer-specific requirements.